What is a Certificate of Origin (CO)?

A Certificate of Origin (CO) is an official document that declares the country where a product was manufactured or produced. It is one of the most important documents in international trade, as it helps customs authorities determine duties, taxes, and eligibility for trade agreements.

For example, a shipment of Kenyan tea exported to the UK would require a CO stating “Made in Kenya” to verify its origin and qualify for any preferential trade agreements.

Learn More: How Do Clearing Agents Work in Kenya?

Why is a Certificate of Origin Important?

1. Customs Clearance: Customs authorities, such as KRA in Kenya, use the CO to calculate duties and taxes accurately.

2. Trade Agreements: Many free trade agreements (FTAs) require a CO to verify eligibility for reduced or zero tariffs.

3. Legal Compliance: A CO ensures your shipment complies with international trade regulations.

4. Proof of Origin: Confirms the product is manufactured in a specific country, which can affect tariffs, branding, and quality standards.

Example: Kenyan exporters of fresh flowers via Mombasa or Nairobi airport often use a CO to meet EU import regulations and avoid penalties.

Learn More: Import Declaration Form (IDF) in Kenya: Complete Guide for 2026 – Delta Cargo Connection

Types of Certificate of Origin

1. Preferential Certificate of Origin

• Issued under a trade agreement (e.g., African Continental Free Trade Area – AfCFTA).

• Provides reduced or zero tariffs for qualifying goods.

• Example: Exporting Kenyan coffee to Rwanda under AfCFTA.

2. Non-Preferential Certificate of Origin

• Confirms the origin of goods but does not provide tariff benefits.

• Typically used for general customs requirements or commercial purposes.

• Example: Exporting handicrafts to the USA for brand compliance.

Learn More: Certificate of Conformity (COC) in Kenya: Complete Guide

Information Included in a Certificate of Origin

A CO usually contains:

• Exporter’s details (name, address, contact)

• Importer’s details (name and address of the receiver.)

• Description of the goods

• Quantity and weight

• Country of origin

• Destination country

• Commercial Invoice Details: Invoice number and date.
• Transportation Details: Means of transport (e.g., vessel, flight number) and route, including air waybill or bill of lading number

• Signature and seal from an authorized body (e.g., KEBS in Kenya)

How to Obtain a Certificate of Origin in Kenya

1. Prepare Shipment Documents: Include a commercial invoice, packing list, and bill of lading.

2. Apply Through Relevant Bodies: such as the KRA Rules of Origin Section, AFA (Horticultural Crops Directorate), or KEPHIS.

3. Submit Export Details: Provide accurate product description, origin, and quantity.

4. Verification: KEBS may verify the goods physically or via supporting documents.

5. Payment and Receive CO: Once approved, the CO is issued and can be submitted to customs for clearance.

Tip: Ensure HS codes and product descriptions match your commercial invoice to avoid customs delays.

Common FAQs About Certificate of Origin

Who issues a Certificate of Origin in Kenya?

In Kenya, the Kenya National Chamber of Commerce and Industry (KNCCI) issues ordinary (non-preferential) Certificates of Origin (COO) for exported goods. Additionally, the Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) now mandates a COO for all imports as of October 1, 2025. 

Is a Certificate of Origin mandatory?

A Certificate of Origin (COO) is increasingly mandatory for international trade, specifically becoming a strict requirement for all imports into Kenya as of October 1, 2025.

 Can a CO be issued electronically?

Yes, a Certificate of Origin (CO) can be issued electronically in Kenya. The Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA), in collaboration with the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), has officially launched the Electronic Certificate of Origin (eCOO) system to modernize trade processes and enhance regional integration.

What happens if the CO is incorrect?

Customs may delay clearance, impose fines, or reject the shipment.

6. Do I need a CO for exporting under AfCFTA?

Yes, to qualify for preferential tariffs.

Tips for Kenyan Exporters

• Always match the CO information with your commercial invoice and packing list.

• Keep a copy of the CO for audit and trade records.

• Use KEBS online systems for faster processing and less paperwork.

• Ensure compliance with both the importing country’s regulations and Kenyan export laws.

Conclusion

A Certificate of Origin (CO) is essential for international trade, customs compliance, and tariff benefits. For Kenyan exporters and importers, obtaining an accurate CO ensures smooth customs clearance, access to preferential trade agreements like AfCFTA, and strengthens credibility with international buyers. Always ensure your CO is accurate, complete, and issued by KEBS to avoid costly delays or penalties.